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KMID : 1001320170440010135
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Social Welfare Policy
2017 Volume.44 No. 1 p.135 ~ p.160
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A Study of the Types & Characteristics of the Social Economy Ecosystems in Seoul : A Fuzzy-Set Ideal Type Analysis
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Lee Kyung-Mi
Joung Won-Oh
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study is to diagnose the current social economy in Seoul and suggest the direction of improvement thereof by classifying the social economy in Seoul into specific types in terms of a social economy ecosystem and analyzing their characteristics and differences. The method used in this study is the fuzzy-set ideal type analysis, which allows the researcher to classify a limited number of cases into types and evaluate even the degree of each case`s membership in the given type. And the two main indicators used to decide the types of social economy ecosystems in 25 boroughs of Seoul are the private sector`s capability for networking and the borough government`s policy drive. The properties used to calculate one of the indicators, the private sector`s capability for networking, include the unity, initiative, and political influence of private-sector(nongovernmental) networks. The properties used to measure the borough government`s policy drive include the government`s commitment to the social economy, the forms or modes of public-private networks, and the availability of infrastructure. This led to categorization of the social economy ecosystems in Seoul into four ideal types of a two-by-two matrix and twelve subdivided types with four typical types (“public-private partnership,” “private initiative,” “borough initiative,” and “no clear leading actor”). The implications of this study can be summarized as follows. First, the quality and degree of social economy ecosystems differ significantly by type. Second, the analysis of why the social economy ecosystems thrive in some type and not in others reveals the decisive factors behind the formation and success of social economy ecosystems at the borough level. Third, the analysis of the commonalities of thriving social economy ecosystems reveals the extent to which the capability of private-private networks should be reinforced. This study marks a rare instance in the literature, providing systemic analysis and typology of the often-neglected environmental aspects of the social economy. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to strengthening the feasibility and sustainability of local social economy policies toward making those policies better serve the public interest and values.
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KEYWORD
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social economy, ecosystem, fuzzy-set ideal type analysis, typology
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